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Pediatric intensive care unit follow-up: Thinking before acting

Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med. 2024 May 31;43(4):101401. doi: 10.1016/j.accpm.2024.101401. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: It is now well established that post-intensive care syndrome is frequent in critically ill children after discharge from the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Nevertheless, post-intensive care follow-up is highly heterogenous worldwide and is not considered routine care in many countries. The purpose of this viewpoint was to report the reflections of the French PICU society working group on how to implement post-PICU follow-up.

METHODS: A working group was set up within the Groupe Francophone de Reanimation et d'Urgences Pédiatriques (GFRUP) to provide conceptual and practical guidance for developing post-PICU follow-up. The working group included psychologists, PICU physicians, physiotherapists, and nurses, from different French PICUs. Five virtual meetings have been held.

RESULTS: First, we described in this work the objectives of the follow-up program and the population to be targeted. We also provided a framework to implement post-PICU follow-up in clinical practice. Finally, we detailed the potential obstacles and challenges to consider.

CONCLUSION: Although implementing a post-PICU follow-up program is a challenge, the benefits could be significant for both patient and relatives, as well as for the health care professionals involved.

PMID:38823635 | DOI:10.1016/j.accpm.2024.101401

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pubmed:38823635

The pediatric intensive care unit in France: What happens afterwards?

Arch Pediatr. 2024 Apr;31(3):202-204. doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2024.01.002. Epub 2024 Mar 19.

ABSTRACT

Although pediatric post-intensive care syndrome is frequent and impacts the child's quality of life in various aspects, there are currently no guidelines regarding post-pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) follow-up. The aim of this study was to describe post-PICU follow-up in France. Among the 37 French PICUs, only 67 % had a consultation service, mostly performed by pediatric intensivists (95 %). Post-intensive care evaluation was the main objective for 46 % of these centers, whereas others focused on specific patient populations. Post-intensive care follow-up is highly heterogeneous and developing such consultation services appears to be a main challenge for PICU teams.

PMID:38508912 | DOI:10.1016/j.arcped.2024.01.002

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pubmed:38508912

ROX (Respiratory rate-OXygenation) index to predict early response to high-flow nasal cannula therapy in infants with viral bronchiolitis

Pediatr Pulmonol. 2024 Apr;59(4):982-990. doi: 10.1002/ppul.26860. Epub 2024 Jan 10.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is commonly used as first step respiratory support in infants with moderate-to-severe acute viral bronchiolitis (AVB). This device, however, fails to effectively manage respiratory distress in about a third of patients, and data are limited on determinants of patient response. The respiratory rate-oxygenation (ROX) index is a relevant tool to predict the risk for HFNC failure in adult patients with lower respiratory tract infections. The primary objective of this study was to assess the relationship between ROX indexes collected before and 1 h after HFNC initiation, and HFNC failure occurring in the following 48 h in infants with AVB.

METHOD: This is an ancillary study to the multicenter randomized controlled trial TRAMONTANE 2, that included 286 infants of less than 6 months with moderate-to-severe AVB. Collection of physiological variables at baseline (H0), and 1 h after HFNC (H1), included heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2), respiratory distress score (modified Wood's Clinical Asthma Score [mWCAS]), and pain and discomfort scale (EDIN). ROX and ROX-HR were calculated as SpO2FiO2RR$\frac{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{SpO}}_{2}}{{\mathrm{FiO}}_{2}}\right)}{\mathrm{RR}}$ and 100×ROXHR$100\times \frac{\mathrm{ROX}}{\mathrm{HR}}$ , respectively. Predefined HFNC failure criteria included increase in respiratory distress score or RR, increase in discomfort, and severe apnea episodes. The accuracies of ROX, ROX-HR indexes and clinical variable to predict HFNC failure were assessed using receiver operating curve analysis. We analyzed predictive factors of HFNC failure using multivariate logistic regressions.

RESULT: HFNC failure occurred in 111 of 286 (39%) infants, and for 56 (50% of the failure) of them within the first 6 h. The area under the curve of ROX indexes at H0 and H1 were, respectively, 0.56 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.48-0.63, p = 0.14), 0.56 (95% CI 0.49-0.64, p = 0.09). ROX-HR performances were better but remained poorly discriminant. HFNC failure was associated with higher mWCAS score at H1 (p < 0.01) and lower decrease in EDIN scale during the first hour of HFNC delivery (p = 0.02). In the multivariate analyses, age and mWCAS score were were found to be independent factors associated with HFNC failure at H0. At H1, weight and mWCAS were associated factors.

CONCLUSION: In this study, neither ROX index, nor physiological variables usually collected in infants with AVB had early discriminatory capacity to predict HFNC failure.

PMID:38197495 | DOI:10.1002/ppul.26860

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pubmed:38197495